Anchor.



PATENTED APR. 11, 1905.

J. W. WITMER.

I 1111011011. APPLICATION FILED SEl'iT. 20,1904.

' 51 wenioz UNITED STATES Patented April 11, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

' JOHN V\ WITMER,- OF LIMA, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL ANCHORCOMPANY, OF LIMA, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

ANCHOR.

SPECIFICATION foil-idling part of Letters Patent No. 787,017, datedApril "11, 1905. I Application filed September 20, 1904:. Serial No.225,245.

To all whom, it Wmy concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN W. VVITMER, acitizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Lima, in the county of Allen, State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Anchors, of whichthe fol lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements inground-anchors, and more particularly to that class of anchors that aredesigned to be sunk in the ground and whichare connected, by meansofstays, guys, &c., to trolley and similar poles, to fenceposts, &c., orto any other device necessary to be supported.

The object of my invention is to provide an anchor so simple inconstruction that it may be. formed of castings, and thereforesulficiently cheap to be placed within the reach of almost every fieldwhere such anchors are necessary.

In its preferred embodiment my invention consists of an anchor formed oftwo substantially similar castings formed with wedgeshaped ribs on theirinner surfaces, with which coact an expander which is designed to rideon said ribs and spread the upper ends of the castings into the ground,and thus securely hold the anchor in position.

Various other details will be hereinafter re ferred to, and theinvention will be particularly set forth by the claims at the endhereof.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a sectional view of myimproved anchor in the position it occupies just after it has beenplaced in the ground. Fig. 2 is a similar view after the parts have beenseparated. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the parts of the same.Fig. 1- is a similar view of the expander for separating the two mainparts or castings. I

Referring now to the details of the drawings by numerals, 1 and 2represent a pair of castings which are almost similar in construction,each of them being substantially semicircular in cross-section and oneof them having a lug 5 cast at one end, which enters a correspondingrecess 6 in the opposite casting, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. When thetwo castings are placed together, they form an anchor which is shapedvery much like the common form of cartridge in that their lower end ismade somewhat Cone-shaped, as indicated at 7, while the body or mainportion is formed with a series of 'annular ribs 9 and 10, as clearlyindicated in the drawings. The interior of-each .of these castings 1 and2 is formed hollow, and running almost, the entire length of eachcasting is an inclined rib 12, formed integral with the castings proper.'At the upper end of each of the castings and above the inclined ribs 12there is formed a head 14, and this head is formed with a recess 16,through which passes the stem of the expander, which will be hereinafterdescribed, and each of these heads 14 is also provided with a recess 18,the purpose of which will be hereinafter stated. It will be manifestthat these two main castings are formed so simple that they may be castin the cheapest possible manner, and they are therefore cheap enough tobe used in places where it is necessary to have an anchor of the lowestpossible cost.

' Ooacting. with the two main parts or castings 1 and 2 ,is an expanderconsisting of a head 17, to which may be secured inany desirable mannera rod 19, formed with an eye 20 at its upper end, to which the stay,guy, or similar device may be readily secured. served that this head issomewhat the shape of a common piston and is arranged to slide within,the recesses formed within the castings 1 and 2; but in order that itmay ride freely upon the inclined ribs 12 the expander is formed withtwo recesses 22, as clearly indicated in the drawings. The upper side ofthe expander on opposite sides of these grooves or recesses is formedwith a pair of lugs or projections 24:, and these lugs are so situatedthat when the expander is drawn to the extreme upper position, asindicated in It will be ob- Fig. 1, said lugs fit within the recesses18, hereit may not be out of place to describe its operation,as follows:A hole of sufficient diameter and of the proper depth is first formed inthe earth by any suitable tool, the hole preferably being slightly lessin diameter than the outside diameter of the anchor. After the parts ofthe anchor have been assembled by placing the expander 17 Within the twoparts of the anchor, with the expander at the lower end of the anchor,the whole device is inserted in the ground to the lower end of the holewhich has just been formed, and by exerting sufficient force on the rod19 the expander is drawn upward, so as to spread apart the castings land 2, so tha u they will assume the position shown in Fig. 1. The holeabove the anchor may now be filled with earth, broken stone, or anysuitable material and properly tamped, when the anchor will be found tobe securely held in position. It will be observed that there are quite anumber of ribs 9 and that these ribs are substantially flat on theirupper sides, and they thus offer the greatest resistance possible to thewithdrawal of the anchor.

It is obvious that changes and modifications may be made in the form andconstruction of my anchor without departing from the invention as setforth in the appended claims.

What I claim as new is 1. A ground-anchor formed of two hollow portionsand having an inclined wedge therein, and an expander located withinsaid anchor and coacting with said wedge to separate the ends of theanchor from which said expander is operated, substantially as describedf2. A ground-anchor formed of two hollow portions having an inclinedwedge therein, and an expander located within said anchor and coactingwith said wedge to spread the parts of the anchor; said expander andsaid anchor having coacting portions whereby the two parts of the anchorare locked by said expander, substantially as described.

3. A ground-anchor formed of two hollow portions,each having an inclinedwedge therein and a head at the upper end of said wedge,

and an expander located within the hollow anchor and coacting with saidwedges to spread the parts of the anchor; said expander and said headshaving coacting portions locking the parts of the anchor together,substantially as described.

4. A ground-anchor formed of two hollow portions,each having an inclinedwedge therein and a head at the upper end of said wedge, said portionsalso having a coacting lug and recess at their lower ends; and anexpander located within said hollow portions and coacting with saidwedges to expand the same, substantially as described.

5. A ground-anchor formed of two hollow portions, each having aninclined wedge therein and a head at the upper end of said wedge, eachof said heads having an opening or recess therein, and an expanderlocated within said hollow portions and coacting with said wedges toexpand the same, said expander having lugs adapted to enter the openingsin said head to lock the same, substantially as described.

6. A ground-anchor formed of two hollow portions, formedsubstantiallycartridge shape, and having inclined wedges on their innersides, and an expander located within said hollow portions and coactingwith said wedges to separate the ends of the anchor from which the saidexpander is operated, substantially as described.

7. A ground-anchor formed of two hollow portions,forincd substantiallycartridge sl 1a 1 )0, each having an inclined wedge therein and a headat the upper end of said wedge. and an expander located within saidhollow portions and coacting with the wedges to expand the same, saidexpander and said heads having coacting portions locking the parts ofthe anchor, substantially as described.

Signed by me, at Lima, Ohio, this 17th day of September, 1904.

Vitnesses:

'l. A. ROBINSON, W. N. KING.

